Dianthus
Dianthus Detailed Encyclopedia Introduction
Perennial herbaceous plant with small, delicate flowers in rich colors and elegant fragrance, an excellent ornamental flower.
Basic Info
Family：Caryophyllaceae
Scientific Name：Dianthus
Origin：Europe, Asia
Flowering Period：Spring to autumn (April-October)
Height：10-50 cm
Lifespan：Perennial
Morphology
Leaves：Linear-lanceolate, opposite, gray-green
Flowers：Single or double petals with serrated edges, colors include pink, red, white, purple, with elegant fragrance
Roots：Fibrous root system, well-developed roots
Stem：Upright or clumping, swollen at nodes
Growth Habits
Soil Requirements：Prefers loose, fertile, well-drained sandy loam, slightly alkaline soil is best
Watering Needs：Drought tolerant, avoid waterlogging, keep soil slightly moist
Light Requirements：Sun-loving, needs full sunlight, 4-6 hours daily
Temperature Requirements：Prefers cool conditions, optimal growing temperature 15-20°C, cold hardy
Classification & Varieties
Main Classifications
Ornamental Varieties
Professional Care
✂️ Pruning Management
Pruning Timing：After flowering and autumn shaping
Pruning Method：Promptly remove spent flowers, cut old branches in autumn
Pruning Purpose：Promote repeat flowering, maintain attractive plant shape
Required Tools：Garden shears, gloves
🛡️ Pest & Disease Management
Common Pests：
Common Diseases：
Prevention Measures：Maintain ventilation, avoid high temperature and humidity, moderate watering
Treatment Methods：Spray fungicides or insecticides promptly when pests and diseases are found
🌱 Fertilization Management
Fertilizer Type：Compound fertilizer, organic fertilizer, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer
Fertilization Frequency：Every 15-20 days during growing season
Fertilization Timing：Spring growing period and flower bud differentiation period
Fertilization Amount：Light and frequent application, 10-15 grams per plant each time
💧 Water Requirements
Watering Frequency：Every 3-5 days in spring/autumn, every 2-3 days in summer, reduce in winter
Watering Amount：Water when dry, avoid waterlogging
Watering Method：Water at root zone, avoid wetting leaves
Dehydration Signs：Yellowing leaves, wilting, slow growth
Basic Care Tips
- •Choose well-drained sandy soil, avoid waterlogging
- •Prefers full sunlight, at least 4-6 hours of direct light daily
- •Regularly remove spent flowers to promote continuous blooming
- •Apply fertilizer appropriately in spring and autumn to promote growth
- •Strong cold resistance, can overwinter outdoors
Ecology Value
Pollinators：Bees, butterflies and other insects
Wildlife：Provides nectar for pollinating insects
Environmental Value：Beautifies environment, purifies air, has medicinal value
Cultural Symbolism
Symbolic Meaning：Maternal love, pure love, passion, true feelings
Historical Background：Cultivation history over 2000 years, one of the world's four major cut flowers
Related Festivals：Representative flower for Mother's Day
Artistic Expression：Common material for floral arrangements and garden landscaping